Diabetes Sebagai Faktor Commorbid Yang Memperburuk Mortalitas Dari Covid-19: Sebuah Tinjauan Literatur

Authors

  • Muhammad Iqbal Thamrin YARSI UNIVERSITY
  • Linda Weni
  • Diniwati Mukhtar

https://doi.org/10.33476/ms.v9i1.2064

Keywords:

diabetes, COVID-19, factor commorbid, mortalitas

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) merupakan penyakit metabolik dengan ciri hiperglikemia yang terjadi karena kelainan sekresi insulin, kerja insulin, atau keduanya. COVID-19 adalah penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) yang petama kali ditemukan di kota Wuhan, China pada bulan Desember 2019. COVID-19 yang disertai dengan diabetes mellitus diketahui mempunyai resiko prognosis yang lebih buruk daripada yang tidak disertai diabetes meliitus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui  apakah  terdapat peningkatan  mortalitas  dalam kasus COVID-19 yang disertai diabetes mellitus.

Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan Literature Review dengan menggunakan jurnal yang diambil dari database sebanyak 20, dengan keyword pencarian jurnal yaitu “COVID-19, Mortalitas, dan Diabetes”. Limitasi pencarian jurnal yaitu 2 tahun, berhubungan dengan COVID-19 yang merupakan penyakit baru. Penyaringan jurnal menggunakan PRISMA Flow Diagram, sehingga didapatkan jurnal yang sesuai dengan kriteria yang telah ditetapkan.

Didapatkan 20 jurnal yang relevan dengan kriteria yang telah ditetapkan, dengan 18 jurnal mendukung hipotesis alternatif, dan 2 jurnal tidak mendukung. Jurnal  yang  paling  mendukung  hipotesis  alternatif  dengan  Odd  Ratio  sebesar 12.234 (Cl 95% 4.126-36.272), p kurang dari 0.026 oleh Albitar, Ballouze, Ooi, et al., 2020, ditemukan juga bahwa diabetes tipe 1 dan tipe 2 yang merupakan penyerta COVID-19, mempunyai pengaruh yang besar dalam menaikan resiko kematian pasien  COVID-19,  dibuktikan  oleh  jurnal  Barron,  Bakhai,  Kar,  et  al.,  2020 dengan diabetes tipe 1 (HR 1.61(1.32-1.96)) dan diabetes tipe 2 (HR 1.61(1.54-1.67)), p kurang dari 0,0001, ditemukan juga bahwa pasien COVID-19 dengan riwayat diabetes mellitus juga mempunyai resiko kematian yang tinggi, dibuktikan oleh jurnal dari Yu, Lei, Li, et al., 2020 dengan (OR 2.34(1.45-3.76)), p kurang dari 0.005

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Huang I, Lim MA, Pranata P 2020, ’ Diabetes mellitus is associated with increased mortality and severity of disease in COVID-19 pneumoniae A systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression’, Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clincal Reaserch & Review, Vol.14, hh. 395-403

Hussain S, Baxi H, Jamail MC et al, 2020, ‘Burden of diabetes mellitus and its impact on COVID-19 patients: A meta-analysis of real-world evidence’, Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews, Vol. 14, hh.1595- 1602.

Javanmardi F, Keshavardi A, Akbari A, et al., 2020, ‘Prevalence of underlying diseases in died cases of COVID-19: A systematic review and meta- analysis’, PLOS ONE, hh. 1-13.

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Lim S, Bae JH, Kwon HS et al, 2020. ‘COVID-19 and diabetes mellitus: from pathophysiology to clinical management’, Nature Reviews, hh. 01-20

Lua L, Zhong W, Bian Z 2020. ‘A comparison of mortality-related risk factors of COVID-19, SARS, and MERS: A systematic review and meta- analysis’, Journal of Infection, no. 81, hh. 18-25

Mantovani A, Byrne CD, Zheng MH et al., 2020. ‘Diabetes as a risk factor for greater COVID-19 severity and in-hospital death: A meta-analysis of observational studies’, Nutrition,Metabolism & Cardiovaskular Disease, Vol. 30, hh. 1236-1248

Noor FM, Islam M 2020. ‘Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Mortality Among COVID-19 Patients: A Meta-Analysis’, Journal of Community Health, hh,1-13

Perkumupulan Endokrinologi Indonesia 2020. ‘Pernyataan Resmi dan Rekomendasi Penanganan Diabetes Mellitus di era Pandemi COVID-19 Nomor: 239/PB.PERKENI/IV/2020, Jakarta: Perkumupulan Endokrinologi Indonesia.

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Ssentogo P, Heilbrunn ES, Chinchilli VM et al., 2020. Association of cardiovascular disease and 10 other pre-existing comorbidities with COVID- 19 mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis, PLOS ONE, hh,1-16

Soares RCM, Mattos LR, Raposo LM, et al., 2020. ‘Risk Factors for Hospitalizationand Mortality due to COVID-19 in Esp’irito Santo State, Brazil’, Am J Trop Med Hyg, Vol. 103, no. 03 ,hh. 1184-1190.

Tian W, Jiang W, Yao J et al., 2020. ’Predictors of mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis, hh. 1-33.

Yu C, Lei Q., Li W et al., 2020. Clinical Characteristics, Asociated Factors, and Predicting COVID-19 Mortality Risk: A Retrospective Study in Wuhan,China, Am J Prev Med, Vol. 59, no. 02., hh. 168-175

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Published

2022-08-28

How to Cite

Thamrin, M. I., Weni, L., & Mukhtar, D. (2022). Diabetes Sebagai Faktor Commorbid Yang Memperburuk Mortalitas Dari Covid-19: Sebuah Tinjauan Literatur. Majalah Sainstekes, 9(1), 040–055. https://doi.org/10.33476/ms.v9i1.2064

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