Diabetes Sebagai Faktor Commorbid Yang Memperburuk Mortalitas Dari Covid-19: Sebuah Tinjauan Literatur
Authors
-
Muhammad Iqbal Thamrin
YARSI UNIVERSITY
-
Linda Weni
-
Diniwati Mukhtar
Keywords:
diabetes, COVID-19, factor commorbid, mortalitasAbstract
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) merupakan penyakit metabolik dengan ciri hiperglikemia yang terjadi karena kelainan sekresi insulin, kerja insulin, atau keduanya. COVID-19 adalah penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) yang petama kali ditemukan di kota Wuhan, China pada bulan Desember 2019. COVID-19 yang disertai dengan diabetes mellitus diketahui mempunyai resiko prognosis yang lebih buruk daripada yang tidak disertai diabetes meliitus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat peningkatan mortalitas dalam kasus COVID-19 yang disertai diabetes mellitus.
Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan Literature Review dengan menggunakan jurnal yang diambil dari database sebanyak 20, dengan keyword pencarian jurnal yaitu “COVID-19, Mortalitas, dan Diabetes”. Limitasi pencarian jurnal yaitu 2 tahun, berhubungan dengan COVID-19 yang merupakan penyakit baru. Penyaringan jurnal menggunakan PRISMA Flow Diagram, sehingga didapatkan jurnal yang sesuai dengan kriteria yang telah ditetapkan.
Didapatkan 20 jurnal yang relevan dengan kriteria yang telah ditetapkan, dengan 18 jurnal mendukung hipotesis alternatif, dan 2 jurnal tidak mendukung. Jurnal yang paling mendukung hipotesis alternatif dengan Odd Ratio sebesar 12.234 (Cl 95% 4.126-36.272), p kurang dari 0.026 oleh Albitar, Ballouze, Ooi, et al., 2020, ditemukan juga bahwa diabetes tipe 1 dan tipe 2 yang merupakan penyerta COVID-19, mempunyai pengaruh yang besar dalam menaikan resiko kematian pasien COVID-19, dibuktikan oleh jurnal Barron, Bakhai, Kar, et al., 2020 dengan diabetes tipe 1 (HR 1.61(1.32-1.96)) dan diabetes tipe 2 (HR 1.61(1.54-1.67)), p kurang dari 0,0001, ditemukan juga bahwa pasien COVID-19 dengan riwayat diabetes mellitus juga mempunyai resiko kematian yang tinggi, dibuktikan oleh jurnal dari Yu, Lei, Li, et al., 2020 dengan (OR 2.34(1.45-3.76)), p kurang dari 0.005
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