Aplikasi Sel Punca pada Uji Toksisitas
Penulis
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Wening Sari
Kata Kunci:
sel punca, uji toksisitas, embriotoksisitasAbstrak
Uji toksisitas penting dilakukan untuk memastikan suatu zat, khususnya calon obat, aman bagi manusia. Penggunaan hewan coba pada uji toksisitas saat ini dibatasi terkait hasil yang tidak sepenuhnya dapat diekstrapolasi pada manusia serta isu hak kesejahteraan hewan. Pengembangan uji toksisitas in vitro merupakan upaya reduction, refinement dan replacement penggunaan hewan coba pada penelitian laboratorium. Penggunaan kultur sel primer asal manusia untuk uji in vitro menghadapi keterbatasan dalam kesediaan dan konsistensi sumber sel. Sel punca memiliki kemampuan berproliferasi dan berdiferensiasi. Terdapat 3 jenis sel punca yang dapat digunakan sebagai model pada uji toksisitas, yakni sel punca embrional (embryonic stem cells/ESCs), sel punca dewasa (non-embryonic/somatic/adult stem cells), serta sel punca pluripoten hasil induksi dari sel somatik (induced pluripotent stem cells/iPSCs). Aplikasi sel punca pada uji toksisitas dapat digunakan untuk evaluasi toksisitas akut, embriotoksisitas, serta toksisitas terhadap fungsional sel.Referensi
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