Perbedaan Distress Disclosure dan Self-Control pada Remaja dengan Low, Intermediate, High Risk Adverse Childhood Experiences

Maria Jane Tienoviani Simanjuntak; Clara Moningka

doi:10.33476/knpk.v5i1.5171

Authors

Maria Jane Tienoviani Simanjuntak Program Studi Psikologi Universitas Pembangunan Jaya
Clara Moningka Program Studi Psikologi Universitas Pembangunan Jaya

https://doi.org/10.33476/knpk.v5i1.5171

Keywords:

ACEs, disclosure, mental health, self-control

Abstract

Prevalensi masalah kesehatan mental pada remaja meningkat setiap tahunnya di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan tidak hanya kategorisasi adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) yang dialami oleh remaja, namun juga membedakan bagaimana distress disclosure dan self-control yang dimiliki oleh remaja dengan tingkatan low, intermediate, dan high adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). Pengalaman masa kecil yang buruk dapat memunculkan rasa tidak percaya pada orang lain, sehingga membuat remaja sulit untuk terbuka. Perasaan malu atau stigma yang terkait dengan pengalaman traumatis dapat menjadi faktor penghambat remaja mencari bantuan atau mendiskusikan tekanan yang mereka alami. Hal ini kemudian dapat memengaruhi pilihan remaja dalam melakukan kontrol diri. Remaja yang mampu mengontrol diri serta mengungkapkan berbagai tekanan yang dialaminya cenderung dapat meringankan dampak trauma terhadap kesehatan mental. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif untuk mengetahui perbedaan tiap kelompok. Pengambilan data menggunakan kuesioner diadaptasi dari Kuesioner Adverse Childhood Experiences dan Distress Disclosure Index. Responden pada penelitian ini adalah remaja Jabodetabek berjumlah 245 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan self-control yang signifkan, namun tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan distress disclosure antara remaja dengan low, intermediate dan high risk ACEs. Dari penelitian tersebut dapat diketahui bahwa tingkatan ACEs dapat memengaruhi bagaimana individu melakukan kontrol diri. Di sisi lain bagaimana individu dapat mengungkapkan diri saat dalam kondisi tertekan bisa dipengaruhi faktor lain selain kondisi ACEs. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan informasi untuk dijadikan sebagai dasar program promosi penguatan kesehatan mental remaja bagi pemerintah, masyarakat, institusi pendidikan, serta keluarga dalam mendampingi remaja menghadapi proses perkembangannya.

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