The Relationship of Emotion Regulation and Subjective Well-Being in Young Adulthood Who Experiences Break Up

Penulis

  • Amanda Diva Anggraita Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia
  • Laurentius Sandi Witarso Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia

https://doi.org/10.24854/jps.v10i2.2863

Kata Kunci:

emotion regulation, subjective well-being, break up, young adulthood

Abstrak

One of young adults’ developmental tasks is to fulfill the need for intimacy by establishing romantic relationships. Romantic relationships have challenges, including breakups. Previous research has said that there are impacts from emotional breakups and life satisfaction, which can affect a person's well-being, so young adults need to manage or regulate emotions. The purpose of this research is to see the relationship between the dimensions of emotion regulation and aspects of subjective well-being (SWB). This quantitative study uses a correlational design. 125 participants of this study were obtained by convenience sampling method with characteristics aged 20-30 years, experienced a breakup in the last 6 months, and were not married or engaged. The research data was obtained from an online questionnaire on the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, Scale of Positive and Negative Experiences, and Satisfaction With Life Scale, which were then analyzed using Pearson's correlation. The results show that there is a significant relationship between cognitive reappraisal with positive and negative affective aspects of SWB, as well as cognitive aspects. Meanwhile, expressive suppression was not significantly related to positive affective and cognitive aspects of SWB, only significantly related to negative affect. Cognitive reappraisal is thought to be able to reduce negative affect and increase positive affect. Meanwhile, expressive suppression can lead to inauthenticity. The findings relate to the cultural factors of Indonesia as an Asian country with a collective culture that strives for harmony. Future research may include personality and relationship supporting factors, such as relationship quality and length, also breakup initiators.

Referensi

Adebesin, M., Graydon, M. M., Knoblach, D. J., Crouch, T. B., & DiClemente, C. C. (2016). Comparing emotion regulation strategies to predict satisfaction with life and perceived stress. 20th Annual Undergraduate Research and Creative Achievement. Diambil pada 12 Mei 2022, dari https://ur.umbc.edu/files/2016/06/adebesinMobolanleSm.pdf.

Agusdwitanti, H., Tambunan, S. M., & Retnaningsih. (2015). Kelekatan dan intimasi pada dewasa awal. Jurnal Psikologi, 8(1), 18-24. https://ejournal.gunadarma.ac.id/index.php/psiko/article/view/1286

Amalia, R., Suroso, & Pratitis, N. T. (2021). Psychological well being, self efficacy dan quarter-life crisis pada dewasa awal. (Skripsi, Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya). repository.uir.ac.id/9134/1/178110138.pdf.

Barutcu, K. F., & Aydin, Y. C. (2013). The scale for emotional reactions following the breakup. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 84, 786-790. 10.1016/J.SBSPRO.2013.06.647

Cabello, R., Salguero, J. M., Fernandez-Berrocal, P., & Gross, J. J. (2013). A Spanish adaptation of the emotion regulation questionnaire. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 29(4), 234-240. 10.1027/1015-5759/a000150.

Ciuluvica, C., Fulcheri, M., & Amerio, P. (2019). Expressive suppression and negative affect, pathways of emotional dysregulation in psoriasis patients. Frontiers in Psychology, 10(1907), 1-8. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01907

Cresswell, J. W. (2012). Educational research planning, conducting and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research (4th ed.). Lincoln: University of Nebraska.

Cutuli, D. (2014). Cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression strategies role in the emotion regulation: An overview on their modulatory effects and neural correlates. Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience, 8(175), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnsys.2014.00175

Diener, E., Emmons, R. A., Larsen, R. J., & Griffin, S. (1985). The satisfaction with life scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 49(1), 71-75. doi.org/10.1207/s15327752jpa4901_13

Diener, E., Oishi, S., & Lucas, R. E. (2003). Personality, culture, and subjective well- being: Emotional and cognitive evaluations of life. Annual Review of Psychology, 54, 403-425. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.- psych.54.101601.145056

Diener, E., Wirtz, D. Tov, W., & Kim-Prieto, C. (2010). New well-being measures: Short scales to assess flourishing and positive and negative feelings. Social Indicators Research, 97, 143-156. 10.1007/s11205-009-9493-y.

Eddiener. (n.d). Scale: Satisfaction with life scale (swls). Dalam Eddiner. Diambil pada 15 Desember 2021, dari https://eddiener.com/scales/7

Estefan, G., & Wijaya, Y. D. (2014). Gambaran proses regulasi emosi pada perilaku self-injury. Jurnal Psikologi, 12(1), 26-33.

Fahrunisa, D., & Rachmawati, M. A. (2017). Hubungan antara regulasi emosi dan kesejahteraan subjektif pada siswa MAN Maguwoharjo. (Tesis, Universitas Islam Indonesia). dspace.uii.ac.id/handle/123456789/4639.

Feist, J., Feist, G. J., & Roberts, T. (2013). Theories of Personality. 8th Ed. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Fernandes, M. A., & Tone, E. B. (2021). A systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between expressive suppression and positive affect. Clinical Psychology Review, 88, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2021.102068.

Garcia, L. J., Alvarez-Dardet, S. M., & Garcia, V. H. (2009). An analysis of stressful life events during adolescence. Psychology in Spain, 13(1), 1-8. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/40745245_An_analysis_of_stressful_l -ife_events_during_adolescence.

Ginting, P. S. Y. (2018). Gambaran strategi regulasi emosi pada dewasa awal yang melakukan curahan hati di media sosial. (Skripsi, Universitas Sumatera Utara). https://repositori.usu.ac.id/bitstream/handle/123456789/10244/141301029.pdf?s equence=1&isAllowed=y

Gross, J. J. (1998). Antecedent- and response-focused emotion regulation: Divergent consequences for experience, expression, and physiology. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74(1), 224-237. 0022-3514/98/$3.00

Gross, J. J. (2014). Emotion regulation: Conceptual and empirical foundations. Dalam J. J. Gross, Handbook of Emotion Regulation Second Edition (hal 3-20). New York: Guilford.

Gross, J. J. & John, O. P. (2003). Individual differences in two emotion regulation processes: Implications for affect, relationships, and well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85(2), 348-362. 10.1037/0022- 3514.85.2.348

Haga, S. M., Kraft, P., & Corby, E. K. (2009). Emotion regulation: Antecedents and well-being outcomes of cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression in cross-cultural samples. Journal of Happiness Studies, 10(3), 271–291.10.1007/s10902-007-9080-3

Havighurst, R. J. (1972). Developmental tasks and education. (3rd ed.). New York: McKay.

Hendri, Z., Mahrani, & Sasmi., M. (2019). Pengaruh pengembangan usaha gapoktan terhadap keberhasilan program puap di kecamatan Benai kabupaten Kuantan Singingi. Jurnal Agri Sains, 3(2).

Herbert, S., & Popadiuk, N. (2008). University students’ experiences of nonmarital breakups: A grounded theory. Journal of College Student Development, 49, 1-14. doi:10.1353/csd.2008.0008

Hu, T., Zhang, D., Wang, J., Mistry, R., Ran, G., & Wang., X. (2014). Relation between emotion regulation and mental health: A meta-analysis review. Psychological Reports: Measures & Statistics, 114(2), 341-362. 10.2466/03.20.PR0.114k22w4

Hurlock, E. B. (1991). Psikologi perkembangan: Suatu pendekatan sepanjang rentang kehidupan. Edisi kelima. Jakarta: Airlangga.

Jatmika, D. (2017). Hubungan budaya individualis-kolektif dan motivasi berbelanja hedonik pada masyarakat kota Jakarta. Jurnal Psikologi Psibernetika, 10(1), 9- 19. https://journal.ubm.ac.id/index.php/psibernetika/article/view/1037.

John, O. P., & Gross, J. J. (2004). Healthy and unhealthy emotion regulation: Personality processes, individual differences, and life span development. Journal of Personality, 72(6), 1302-1334.

Le, B., Dove, N. L., Agnew, C. R., Korn, M. S., & Mutso, A. A. (2010). Predicting nonmarital romantic relationship dissolution: A meta-analytic synthesis. Personal Relationships, 17, 377-390. doi: 10.1111/j.1475-6811.2010.01285.x

Li, P., Zhu, C., Leng, Y., & Luo, W. (2020). Distraction and expressive suppression strategies in down-regulate of high- and low-intensity positive emotions. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 158, 56-61. doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2020.09.010

Mahardhika, N. F., & Halimah, L. (2017). Hubungan gratitude dan subjective well- being odapus wanita dewasa awal di syamsi dhuha foundation Bandung. PSYMPATHIC: Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi, 4(1), 91-114. 10.15575/psy.v4il1278

Miller, L. A., & Lovler, R. L. (2018). Foundations of psychological testing: A practical approach. Sage Publications.

Nam, Y., Kim, Y., & Tam, K. K. (2017). Effects of emotion suppression on life satisfaction in American and Chinese. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 49(1), 149–160. doi.org/10.1177/0022022117736525.

Ng, Z. J. (2018). Emotion regulation and life satisfaction of early adolescents in the face of stressful life events. (Disertasi Doktoral, University of South Carolina). https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=5778&context=etd

Pramudianti, R. (2020). Kebahagiaan pada remaja wanita yang berulang-ulang putus cinta. Jurnal Ilmu Sosial and Humaniora, 9(2), 337-346. https://ejournal.undiksha.ac.id/index.php/JISH/article/view/22447

Pratisti, W. D., & Rini, O. K. (2016). The relation of emotion regulation and subjective well-being in adolescent students. International Conference on Health and Well- Being (ICHMS), 111-118.

Privitera, G. J. (2018). Statistics for the behavioural sciences third edition. Amerika Serikat: SAGE Publications, Inc.

Purnamasari, F. R. (2020). Gambaran hubungan romantis pada wanita yang melakukan aborsi atas permintaan pasangan. Experientia Jurnal Psikologi Indonesia, 8(2), 77-87. http://journal.wima.ac.id/index.php/EXPERIENTIA- /article/view/2764/2560

Putri, A. F. (2019). Pentingnya orang dewasa awal menyelesaikan tugas perkembangannya. SCHOULID: Indonesian Journal of School Counseling, 3(2), 35-40. https://doi.org/10.23916/08430011.

Puspitasari, D. Y., & Mas’ud, F. (2018). Pengaruh nilai budaya nasional Indonesia terhadap preferensi gaya manajemen konflik (Studi pada karyawan tendik fisip Undip). Diponegoro Journal of Management, 7(4), 1-12. http://ejournal- s1.undip.ac.id/index.php/dbr

Rhoades, G. K., Dush, C. M. K., Atkins, D. C., Stanley, S. M., & Markman, H. J. (2011). Breaking up is hard to do: The impact of unmarried relationship dissolution on mental health and life satisfaction. Journal of Family Psychology, 23(3), 366-374. 10.1037/a0023627.

Morris, C. G., Reiber, C., & Roman, E. (2015). Quantitative sex differences in response to the dissolution of a romantic relationship. Evolutionary Behavioral Sciences. Advance online publication. dx.doi.org/10/1037/ebs0000054

Rumondor, P. C. B. (2013). Gambaran proses putus cinta pada wanita dewasa muda di Jakarta: Sebuah studi kasus. HUMANIORA, 4(1), 28-36. doi.org/10.21512/humaniora.v4i1.3415.

Santrock, J. W. (2011). Life-span development. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Sbarra, D. A., & Emery, R. E. (2005). The emotional sequelae of nonmarital relationship dissolution: Analysis of change and intraindividual variability over time. Personal Relationship, 12(2), 213-232. 10.1111/j.1350-4126.2005.00112.x

Setiawati, L., Nurwianti, F., & Kilis, G. (2018). Pengaruh ciri kepribadian terhadap intimasi pada dewasa muda yang menjalin hubungan romantis. Jurnal Psikologi Teori dan Terapan, 8(2), 79-90. dx.doi.org/10.26740/jptt.v8n2.p79-90

Shimek, C., & Bello, R. (2014). Coping with break-ups: Rebound relationships and gender socialization. Social Sciences, 3, 24-43. 10.3390/socsci3010024.

Soto, J. A., Perez, C. R., Kim, Y., Lee, E. A., Minnich, M. R. (2011). Is expressive suppression always associated with poorer psychological functioning? A cross- cultural comparison between European Americans and Hong Kong Chinese. Emotion, 11(6), 1450-1455. 10.1037/a0023340.

Suwartono, C., & Bintamur, D. (2019). Validation of the emotion regulation questionnaire (ERQ): Network analysis as an alternative of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). ANIMA Indonesian Psychological Journal, 34(3), 115-124. https://doi.org/10.24123/aipj.v34i3.2300.

Utami, M. S. (2009). Keterlibatan dalam kegiatan dan kesejahteraan subjektif mahasiswa. Jurnal Psikologi, 36(2), 144-163. doi: 10.22146/jpsi.7892.

VanderDrift, L. E., Agnew, C. R., & Wilson, J. E. (2009). Nonmarital romantic relationship commitment and leave behaviour: The mediating role of dissolution consideration. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 35, 1220-1232. 10.1177/0146167209337543

Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A. (1988). Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54(6), 1063-1070. 0022-3514/88

Xia, M., Fosco, G. M., Lippold, M. A., & Feinberg, M. E. (2018). A developmental Perspective on young adult romantic relationships: Examining family and individual factors in adolescence. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 47(7), 1499-1516. 10.1007/s10964-018-0815-8.

Yeung, D. Y., Wong, C. K. M., & Lok, D. P. P. (2011). Emotion regulation mediates age differences in emotions. Aging & Mental Health, 15(3), 414-418. 10.1080/13607863.2010.536136

Yildirim, F. B. & Demir, A. (2015). Breakup adjustment in young adulthood. Journal of Counseling & Development, 93(1), 38–44. 10.1002/j.1556-6676.2015.00179.x

Yi?it, A., Özpolat, A. R., & Kandemir, M. (2014). Emotion regulation strategies as a predictor of life satisfaction in university students. Psychology, 5(6), 523-532. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/psych.2014.56062

Diterbitkan

2023-09-18

Cara Mengutip

Anggraita, A. D., & Witarso, L. S. (2023). The Relationship of Emotion Regulation and Subjective Well-Being in Young Adulthood Who Experiences Break Up. Jurnal Online Psikogenesis, 10(2), 139–153. https://doi.org/10.24854/jps.v10i2.2863

Terbitan

Bagian

Articles