Aktifitas Antibakteri Terpenoid dari Umbi Sarang Semut (Myrmecodia pendens) Terhadap Streptococcus Sanguinis ATCC10556
Penulis
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Fathimah Azzahra Attamimi
Bagian Oral biologi, Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas YARSI, Jakarta Pusat 10510
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Indah Permata Yuda
Pusat Studi Herbal, Lembaga Penelitian Universitas YARSI, Jakarta Pusat 10510
Kata Kunci:
sarang semut, antibakteri, terpenoid, S. sanguinis, tanaman obatAbstrak
Latar belakang: Streptococcus sanguinis dapat memfasilitasi perlekatan bakteri patogen penyebab periodontitis dan menjadi salah satu organisme penyebab endokarditits infektif. Kontrol plak berperan penting dalam pencegahan dan penanganan penyakit jaringan periodontal dan kondisi patologis yang terkait. Tanaman obat sarang semut (Myrmecodia pendans) memiliki kandungan senyawa terpenoid yang memiliki aktivitas biologis sebagai antibakteri dan diharapkan dapat menjadi agen alternatif dalam mengontrol pembentukan plak.
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji aktifitas antibakteri senyawa terpenoid dari M. pendens dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri S. sanguinis.
Metode: Proses pemisahan dan pemurnian terpenoid dari M. pendens menggunakan teknik kromatografi kolom dengan pelarut n-heksana dan etil asetat. Isolat terpenoid yang didapatkan kemudian diuji dengan metode mikrodilusi untuk menentukan nilai minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) dalam menghambat pertumbuhan S. Sanguinis.
Hasil: Nilai MIC terpenoid dari M. pendens terhadap S. sanguinis adalah 78.13 ppm. Inhibisi pertumbuhan S. sanguinis terlihat pada konsentrasi 78.13 ppm, 156.25 ppm, dan 312.5 ppm. Berdasarkan uji korelasi pearson, terdapat hubungan yang kuat dan positif (p< 0.001) antara pemberian terpenoid M. pendens terhadap inhibisi S. sanguinis
Kesimpulan: Terpenoid M. pendens memiliki aktivitas antibakteri tehadap pertumbuhan S. sanguinis. Peningkatan konsentrasi terpenoid dari M. pendens mempengaruhi peningkatan inhibisi pertumbuhan bakteri S. sanguinis secara kuat dan signifikan.
Referensi
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Cai, H., Chen, J., Panagodage Perera, N. K., & Liang, X. 2020. Effects of Herbal Mouthwashes on Plaque and Inflammation Control for Patients with Gingivitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/2829854
Damayanti, L., Evaangelina, I. A., Laviana, A., Herdiyati, Y., & Kurnia, D. 2020. Antibacterial Activity of Buah Merah (Pandanus conoideus Lam.) Against Bacterial Oral Pathogen of Streptococcus sanguinis ATCC10556, Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175, and Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212: An in Vitro Study. The Open Dentistry Journal, 14(1), 113–119. https://doi.org/10.2174/18742106020140113
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Ergüden, B. 2021. Phenol group of terpenoids is crucial for antibacterial activity upon ion leakage. Letters in Applied Microbiology, 73(4), 438–445. https://doi.org/10.1111/lam.13529
Fahim, A., Himratul-Aznita, W. H., & Abdul-Rahman, P. S. 2020. Allium-sativum and bakuchiol combination: A natural alternative to chlorhexidine for oral infections? Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences, 36(2), 271–275. https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.2.1457
Fatriadi, F., Kurnia, D., & Satari, M. H. 2018. Antibacterial activity of ethyl acetate fraction from methanolic extracts of ant-plant tubers towards Streptococcus sanguis ATCC 10566. Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry, 30(3), 190. https://doi.org/10.24198/pjd.vol30no3.20002
Gartika, M., Pramesti, H. T., Kurnia, D., & Satari, M. H. 2018. A terpenoid isolated from sarang semut (Myrmecodia pendans) bulb and its potential for the inhibition and eradication of Streptococcus mutans biofilm. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 18(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-018-2213-x
Gupta, D., Nayan, S., Tippanawar, H., Patil, G., Jain, A., Momin, R., & Gupta, R. 2015. Are herbal mouthwash efficacious over chlorhexidine on the dental plaque? Pharmacognosy Research, 7(3), 277–281. https://doi.org/10.4103/0974-8490.155874
Isola, G. 2020. Current evidence of natural agents in oral and periodontal health. Nutrients, 12(2), 10–13. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12020585
Kuswandani, F., Satari, M. H., & Maskoen, A. M. 2019. Antimicrobial Efficacy of Myrmecodia pendens Extract and Fraction Combination against Enter action Combination against Enterococcus faecalis A ococcus faecalis ATCC 29212. Journal of Dentistry Indonesia, 26(3), 119–125. https://doi.org/10.14693/jdi.v26i3.1085
Lamont, R. J., Koo, H., & Hajishengallis, G. 2018. The oral microbiota: dynamic communities and host interactions. Nature Reviews Microbiology, 16(12), 745–759. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-018-0089-x
Malinda, Y., Satari, M. H., Tarawan, V. M., & Kurnia, D. 2016. Antibacterial of flavonoids from Myrmecodia pendens (sarang semut) against Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175. Open Access Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 7(2), 1–10.
Martini, A. M., Moricz, B. S., Ripperger, A. K., Tran, P. M., Sharp, M. E., Forsythe, A. N., Kulhankova, K., Salgado-Pabón, W., & Jones, B. D. 2020. Association of Novel Streptococcus sanguinis Virulence Factors With Pathogenesis in a Native Valve Infective Endocarditis Model. Frontiers in Microbiology, 11(January), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.00010
Najmi, A., Javed, S. A., Al Bratty, M., & Alhazmi, H. A. 2022. Modern Approaches in the Discovery and Development of Plant-Based Natural Products and Their Analogues as Potential Therapeutic Agents. Molecules, 27(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27020349
Obodozie, O. O. 2012. Pharmacokinetics and Drug Interactions of Herbal Medicines: A Missing Critical Step in the Phytomedicine/Drug Development Process. Readings in Advanced Pharmacokinetics - Theory, Methods and Applications, June. https://doi.org/10.5772/33699
Primasari, A., Apriyanti, E., Ambardhani, N., Satari, M. H., Herdiyati, Y., & Kurnia, D. 2022. Formulation and Antibacterial Potential of Sarang Semut (Myrmecodia pendans) against Oral Pathogenic Bacteria: An In Vitro Study. The Open Dentistry Journal, 16(1). https://doi.org/10.2174/18742106-v16-e2112140
Qi, M., Li, X., Sun, X., Li, C., Tay, F. R., Weir, M. D., Dong, B., Zhou, Y., Wang, L., & Xu, H. H. K. 2019. Novel nanotechnology and near-infrared photodynamic therapy to kill periodontitis-related biofilm pathogens and protect the periodontium. Dental Materials, 35(11), 1665–1681. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2019.08.115
Sälzer, S., Graetz, C., Dörfer, C. E., Slot, D. E., & Van der Weijden, F. A. 2020. Contemporary practices for mechanical oral hygiene to prevent periodontal disease. Periodontology 2000, 84(1), 35–44. https://doi.org/10.1111/prd.12332
Saquib, S. A., AlQahtani, N. A., Ahmad, I., Arora, S., Asif, S. M., Javali, M. A., & Nisar, N. 2021. Synergistic antibacterial activity of herbal extracts with antibiotics on bacteria responsible for periodontitis. Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, 15(11), 1685–1693. https://doi.org/10.3855/JIDC.14904
Sudiono, J., & Revana, P. 2020. The Effect of Myrmecodia pendans Ethanol Extract on Blood Vessels Within Pulpitis (Study on Sprague Dawley Rats). Majalah Patologi Indonesia, 29(1), 52–56. https://doi.org/10.55816/mpi.v29i1.408
Sundaram, G., Ramakrishnan, T., Parthasarathy, H., Raja, M., & Raj, S. 2018. Comparative evaluation of the efficacy of a herbal mouthwash and chlorhexidine mouthwash on select periodontal pathogens: An in vitro and ex vivo study. Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology, May, 113–118. https://doi.org/10.4103/jisp.jisp
Yang, W., Chen, X., Li, Y., Guo, S., Wang, Z., & Yu, X. 2020. Advances in Pharmacological Activities of Terpenoids. In Natural Product Communications (Vol. 15, Issue 3). https://doi.org/10.1177/1934578X20903555
Zhu, B., Macleod, L. C., Kitten, T., & Xu, P. 2018. Streptococcus sanguinis biofilm formation & interaction with oral pathogens. Future Microbiology, 13(8), 915–932. https://doi.org/10.2217/fmb-2018-0043
Balejo, R. D. P., Cortelli, J. R., Costa, F. O., Cyrino, R. M., Aquino, D. R., Cogo-Müller, K., Miranda, T. B., Moura, S. P., & Cortelli, S. C. 2017. Effects of chlorhexidine preprocedural rinse on bacteremia in periodontal patients: A randomized clinical trial. Journal of Applied Oral Science, 25(6), 586–595. https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-7757-2017-0112
Cai, H., Chen, J., Panagodage Perera, N. K., & Liang, X. 2020. Effects of Herbal Mouthwashes on Plaque and Inflammation Control for Patients with Gingivitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/2829854
Damayanti, L., Evaangelina, I. A., Laviana, A., Herdiyati, Y., & Kurnia, D. 2020. Antibacterial Activity of Buah Merah (Pandanus conoideus Lam.) Against Bacterial Oral Pathogen of Streptococcus sanguinis ATCC10556, Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175, and Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212: An in Vitro Study. The Open Dentistry Journal, 14(1), 113–119. https://doi.org/10.2174/18742106020140113
Davidson, P. M., Cekmer, H. B., Monu, E. A., & Techathuvanan, C. 2015. 1 - The use of natural antimicrobials in food: An overview. In T. M. B. T.-H. of N. A. for F. S. and Q. Taylor (Ed.), Woodhead Publishing Series in Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (pp. 1–27). Woodhead Publishing. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-1-78242-034-7.00001-3
Epsilawati, L., Satari, M., & Azhari. 2019. Analysis of Myrmecodia Pendens in Bone Healing Process to Improve the Quality of Life: Literature Review. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 248(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/248/1/012052
Ergüden, B. 2021. Phenol group of terpenoids is crucial for antibacterial activity upon ion leakage. Letters in Applied Microbiology, 73(4), 438–445. https://doi.org/10.1111/lam.13529
Fahim, A., Himratul-Aznita, W. H., & Abdul-Rahman, P. S. 2020. Allium-sativum and bakuchiol combination: A natural alternative to chlorhexidine for oral infections? Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences, 36(2), 271–275. https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.2.1457
Fatriadi, F., Kurnia, D., & Satari, M. H. 2018. Antibacterial activity of ethyl acetate fraction from methanolic extracts of ant-plant tubers towards Streptococcus sanguis ATCC 10566. Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry, 30(3), 190. https://doi.org/10.24198/pjd.vol30no3.20002
Gartika, M., Pramesti, H. T., Kurnia, D., & Satari, M. H. 2018. A terpenoid isolated from sarang semut (Myrmecodia pendans) bulb and its potential for the inhibition and eradication of Streptococcus mutans biofilm. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 18(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-018-2213-x
Gupta, D., Nayan, S., Tippanawar, H., Patil, G., Jain, A., Momin, R., & Gupta, R. 2015. Are herbal mouthwash efficacious over chlorhexidine on the dental plaque? Pharmacognosy Research, 7(3), 277–281. https://doi.org/10.4103/0974-8490.155874
Isola, G. 2020. Current evidence of natural agents in oral and periodontal health. Nutrients, 12(2), 10–13. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12020585
Kuswandani, F., Satari, M. H., & Maskoen, A. M. 2019. Antimicrobial Efficacy of Myrmecodia pendens Extract and Fraction Combination against Enter action Combination against Enterococcus faecalis A ococcus faecalis ATCC 29212. Journal of Dentistry Indonesia, 26(3), 119–125. https://doi.org/10.14693/jdi.v26i3.1085
Lamont, R. J., Koo, H., & Hajishengallis, G. 2018. The oral microbiota: dynamic communities and host interactions. Nature Reviews Microbiology, 16(12), 745–759. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-018-0089-x
Malinda, Y., Satari, M. H., Tarawan, V. M., & Kurnia, D. 2016. Antibacterial of flavonoids from Myrmecodia pendens (sarang semut) against Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175. Open Access Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 7(2), 1–10.
Martini, A. M., Moricz, B. S., Ripperger, A. K., Tran, P. M., Sharp, M. E., Forsythe, A. N., Kulhankova, K., Salgado-Pabón, W., & Jones, B. D. 2020. Association of Novel Streptococcus sanguinis Virulence Factors With Pathogenesis in a Native Valve Infective Endocarditis Model. Frontiers in Microbiology, 11(January), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.00010
Najmi, A., Javed, S. A., Al Bratty, M., & Alhazmi, H. A. 2022. Modern Approaches in the Discovery and Development of Plant-Based Natural Products and Their Analogues as Potential Therapeutic Agents. Molecules, 27(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27020349
Obodozie, O. O. 2012. Pharmacokinetics and Drug Interactions of Herbal Medicines: A Missing Critical Step in the Phytomedicine/Drug Development Process. Readings in Advanced Pharmacokinetics - Theory, Methods and Applications, June. https://doi.org/10.5772/33699
Primasari, A., Apriyanti, E., Ambardhani, N., Satari, M. H., Herdiyati, Y., & Kurnia, D. 2022. Formulation and Antibacterial Potential of Sarang Semut (Myrmecodia pendans) against Oral Pathogenic Bacteria: An In Vitro Study. The Open Dentistry Journal, 16(1). https://doi.org/10.2174/18742106-v16-e2112140
Qi, M., Li, X., Sun, X., Li, C., Tay, F. R., Weir, M. D., Dong, B., Zhou, Y., Wang, L., & Xu, H. H. K. 2019. Novel nanotechnology and near-infrared photodynamic therapy to kill periodontitis-related biofilm pathogens and protect the periodontium. Dental Materials, 35(11), 1665–1681. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2019.08.115
Sälzer, S., Graetz, C., Dörfer, C. E., Slot, D. E., & Van der Weijden, F. A. 2020. Contemporary practices for mechanical oral hygiene to prevent periodontal disease. Periodontology 2000, 84(1), 35–44. https://doi.org/10.1111/prd.12332
Saquib, S. A., AlQahtani, N. A., Ahmad, I., Arora, S., Asif, S. M., Javali, M. A., & Nisar, N. 2021. Synergistic antibacterial activity of herbal extracts with antibiotics on bacteria responsible for periodontitis. Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, 15(11), 1685–1693. https://doi.org/10.3855/JIDC.14904
Sudiono, J., & Revana, P. 2020. The Effect of Myrmecodia pendans Ethanol Extract on Blood Vessels Within Pulpitis (Study on Sprague Dawley Rats). Majalah Patologi Indonesia, 29(1), 52–56. https://doi.org/10.55816/mpi.v29i1.408
Sundaram, G., Ramakrishnan, T., Parthasarathy, H., Raja, M., & Raj, S. 2018. Comparative evaluation of the efficacy of a herbal mouthwash and chlorhexidine mouthwash on select periodontal pathogens: An in vitro and ex vivo study. Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology, May, 113–118. https://doi.org/10.4103/jisp.jisp
Yang, W., Chen, X., Li, Y., Guo, S., Wang, Z., & Yu, X. 2020. Advances in Pharmacological Activities of Terpenoids. In Natural Product Communications (Vol. 15, Issue 3). https://doi.org/10.1177/1934578X20903555
Zhu, B., Macleod, L. C., Kitten, T., & Xu, P. 2018. Streptococcus sanguinis biofilm formation & interaction with oral pathogens. Future Microbiology, 13(8), 915–932. https://doi.org/10.2217/fmb-2018-0043
