Efek Hepatoprotektor Ekstrak Floret Pisang Raja (Studi Histopatologi Hepar Tikus Wistar dengan Pajanan Etanol)

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Penyalahgunaan minuman beralkohol akan meningkatkan produksi radikal bebas yang dapat menyebabkan stres oksidatif, sehingga dapat merusak jaringan hepar. Floret pisang raja merupakan salah satu antioksidan yang dapat menangkal radikal bebas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan efek ekstrak floret pisang raja dosis 140mg/kgBB, 280mg/kgBB dan 560mg/kgBB terhadap gambaran histopatologi hepar tikus wistar jantan yang diberi pajanan etanol. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Post Test Only Control Group Design. Sampel penelitian adalah tikus wistar jantan sebanyak 30 ekor dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok yaitu: K- diberi pakan dan minum. K+ diberi placebo aquades 1,8ml/200g setelah 60 menit diberi etanol 40% sebesar 1,8ml/200g. P1, P2 dan P3 diberi ekstrak floret pisang raja (140mg/kgBB untuk P1, 280mg/kgBB untuk P2 dan 560mg/kgBB untuk P3) setelah 60 menit diberi etanol 40% sebesar 1,8ml/200g. Perlakuan dilakukan selama 30 hari kemudian sampel diterminasi untuk diamati gambaran histopatologi pada jaringan hepar. Data dianalisis menggunakan Kruskal Wallis dan Mann Whitney. Rerata skor kerusakan hepar K-=1,07, K+=2,80, P1=1,60, P2=2,40 dan P3=2,70. Hasil uji Kruskal Wallis menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna dari seluruh kelompok perlakuan (p=0,000). Hasil uji Mann Whitney menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna antara tiap kelompok, kecuali antara kelompok K+ dengan P2 (p=0,442), kelompok K+ dengan P3 (p=0,932) dan kelompok P2 dengan P3 (p=0,607). Pemberian ekstrak floret pisang raja dosis 140mg/kgBB mampu mencegah kerusakan hepar tikus wistar yang diberi pajanan etanol 40%.

ABSTRACT

The abuse of alcoholic drinks will increase the free radicals production which may cause oxidative stress lead to hepatic tissue damage. Plantain florets are one of the antioxidants that can counteract free radicals. This study aims to determine the differences in the effect of plantain floret extract at doses of 140mg/kg body weight, 280mg/kg body weight and 560mg/kg body weight on the liver histopathological features of male wistar rats exposed to ethanol. This study used the Post Test Only Control Group Design method. The samples were 30 male Wistar rats divided into 5 groups, namely:group C- was given food and drink standardly; group C+ was given a placebo aquadest 1.8 ml/200g after 60 minutes given 40% ethanol of 1.8 ml/200g; group T1, T2 and T3 were given plantain floret extract after 60 minutes given 40% ethanol of 1.8ml/200g. The extract was given 140mg/kg body weight for group T1, 280mg/kg body weight for group T2 and 560mg/kg body weight for group T3. The treatment was carried out for 30 days, then the samples were terminated in order to observe the histopathologicaly appearance of the hepatic tissue. Data were analyzed using Kruskal Wallis and Mann Whitney. The mean score of liver damage of each group were: group C-=1.07, C+=2.80, T1= 1.60, T2=2.40 and T3=2.70. The Kruskal Wallis test results showed significant differences between all treatment groups (p = 0.000). The Mann Whitney test results showed significantly difference between each group, except between group C+ and group T2 (p = 0.442), between group C+ and T3 (p = 0.932) and between group T2 and T3 (p = 0.607). Giving of plantain floret extract at a dose of 140mg/kg body weight is able to prevent liver damage of the wistar rats exposed to 40% ethanol.