TERAPI NEUROPROTEKTIF ENDOGEN MENGGUNAKAN EBSELEN UNTUK MEMPERKUAT EFEK KONJUGASI SMALL UBIQUITIN-LIKE MODIFIER (SUMO) PADA STROKE ISKEMIK
Authors
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Ignatius Ivan
Atma Jaya University
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Maureen Miracle Stella
Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia
http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2932-3498
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Kevin Tandarto
Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indoensia
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Mariani Santosa
Physiology Department
Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences
Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia
Keywords:
Stroke, SUMO, Neuroprotektif EndogenAbstract
Penyakit serebro-kardiovaskular semakin banyak dialami oleh masyarakat dunia hingga saat ini. Di Indonesia sendiri menurut data Riskesdas tahun 2018, kasus stroke tertinggi yang didiagnosa tenaga kesehatan adalah usia 75 tahun keatas (50,2%) dan terendah pada kelompok usia 15-24 tahun (0,6%). Salah satu jenis stroke yakni stroke iskemik terjadi karena adanya tromboembolisme yang menyumbat arteri di serebrum yang selanjutnya dapat menyebabkan iskemia otak fokal¸ kematian sel otak, kerusakan saraf sensoris, motoris, dan gangguan kognitif. Akhir-akhir ini ditemukan suatu inovasi terbaru dalam mencegah kematian sel neuron di otak dengan memanfaatkan protein small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) sebagai sumber neuroprotektif endogen ketika terjadi stroke iskemik. Ide ini berasal dari penemuan pada tupai tanah bergaris 13 (Ictidomys tridecemlineatus) yang ketika melakukan hibernasi terutama pada fase torpor, walaupun aliran darah ke otaknya berkurang, konsumsi energinya menurun, dan suhu tubuh berada dalam keadaan letal (sekitar 5oC), namun tetap dapat mempertahankan proses homeostasis dalam tubuh serta tanpa adanya kerusakan pada sel otak. SUMO ditemukan pada seluruh mamalia dan oleh karena itu protein ini dapat dijadikan sebagai target terapi untuk penyakit stroke iskemik pada manusia.
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