Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) dan Psychological Capital Intervention (PCI) untuk Mengurangi Burnout pada Perawat Lansia
Authors
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Josephine Indah Setyawati
Universitas Indonesia
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Yudiana Ratnasari
Universitas Indonesia
Keywords:
Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction, Psychological Capital Intervention, burnout, Perawat lansiaAbstract
Perawat lansia yang bekerja di panti werdha sangat rentan mengalami burnout dan dapat memengaruhi penurunan performa kerja. Salah satu intervensi yang dapat digunakan untuk membantu mengatasi stress, menurunkan tingkat burnout dan mengantisipasi terjadinya burnout yaitu Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) menggunakan pendekatan mindfulness, peserta diajak untuk menyadari situasi diri sini dan kini. Untuk mengantisipasi terjadinya burnout, penting juga untuk mengembangkan psychological capital (PsyCap), karakteristik positif yang dapat melindungi diri saat menghadapi situasi sulit, terutama aspek harapan dan optimisme. Peserta yang mengikuti intervensi ini yaitu delapan perawat lansia di Panti Werdha M di Jakarta Utara yang sudah bekerja selama minimal 1 tahun. Pemilihan peserta didasari dari skor burnout yang lebih dari rata-rata populasi perawat di panti tersebut dengan menggunakan instrumen Caregiver Burnout yang didasari teori burnout dari Maslach dan Leiter (2016) dan mengalami penurunan performa kerja berdasarkan evaluasi kinerja. Intervensi yang dilakukan terdiri dari tiga sesi MBSR dan satu sesi PsyCap dengan durasi sekitar 120 menit setiap sesi. Sesi follow-up dilakukan dua minggu setelah intervensi. Data kuantitatif dan kualitatif menunjukkan adanya penurunan tingkat burnout, meski dimensi personal accomplishment tidak menunjukkan perubahan signifikan. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan MBSR dan PCI sebagai intervensi yang cukup efektif untuk menurunkan tingkat burnout bagi perawat lansia.References
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