Hubungan antara Dimensi Nilai Budaya Uncertainty Avoidance dengan Intensi Berwirausaha pada Mahasiswa Suku Minangkabau
Authors
-
Dien Nurdini Nurdin
University Indonesia
Keywords:
Entrepreneurship, Entrepreneurial Intention, Culture, Uncertainty Avoidance, Minangkabau Ethnic.Abstract
Banyaknya pengangguran terdidik dan minimnya jumlah wirausaha membuat lembaga pendidikan perlu melakukan upaya serius dalam mengembangkan kewirausahaan. Dalam mengembangkan kewirausahaan di Indonesia, nilai budaya perlu menjadi salah satu faktor yang diperhatikan. Dari beragam budaya yang dimiliki Indonesia, terdapat suku Minangkabau yang terkenal dari segi kewirausahaannya. Dalam penelitian ini peneliti bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara uncertainty avoidance dengan intensi berwirausaha pada mahasiswa suku Minangkabau. Penelitian ini melibatkan 118 responden mahasiswa suku Minangkabau yang sedang duduk di tingkat akhir Perguruan Tinggi, yaitu 66 responden berasal dari Universitas Indonesia dan 52 responden dari Institut Teknologi Bandung. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat korelasi yang signifikan antara uncertainty avoidance dan intensi berwirausaha. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan gambaran tingkat uncertainty avoidance yang rendah dan intensi berwirausaha yang tinggi pada mahasiswa Minangkabau.
References
Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 179–211.
Ajzen, I., & Fishbein, M. (1975). Belief, attitude, intention, and behavior. Addison-Wisley Publishing Company: Amsterdam.
Badan Pusat Statistik Jakarta Pusat (2019). Februari 2019: Tingkat Pengangguran Terbuka (TPT) sebesar 5.01%. Jakarta Pusat: Badan Pusat Statistik.
Berry, J. W., Portinga, Ype H., Segall, Marshall H., Dasen, Pierre R. (1992). Cross-Cultural Psychology: Research and Application. USA: Cambridge University Press.
Cardiyan HIS. (2001). Apakah ITB, UGM, UI, IPB kemudian Universitas Tokyo?. Bandung: Kabinet Mahasiswa ITB.
Davidsson, P., & Henkson, M. (2002). Determinants of the prevalence of start-ups and high-growth firms. Small Business Economics, 19(2), 81–104.
Esten, Mursa1. (1993) Minangkabau, Tradisi dan Perubahan. Padang: Angkasa Raya.
Gnyawali, D. R., & Fogel, D. S. (1994). Environments for entrepreneurship development: Key dimensions and research implications. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 18(4), 43–62.
Hakimy, I. (1991). Rangkaian Mustika Adat Basandi Syarak di Minangkabau. Bandung: PT Remaja Rosdakarya.
Hisrich, R. D. & Peters, M. P. (2002). Entrepreneurship. Singapore: Mc-Graw Hill.
Hisrich, R. D., Peters, M. P., & Shepherd, D. A. (2008). Entrepreneurship 7th Ed. Singapore: Mc-Graw Hill.
Hofstede, G. & Hofstede, G. (2005). Cultures and Organizations: Software of the Mind ( Rev 2nd ed.). New York: McGraw Hill.
Hofstede, G. (1980). Culture’s Consequences: International Differences in Work-related Values. California: Sage Publications.
Hofstede, G. (1997). Cultures and Organizations: Software of The Mind. New York: McGraw Hill.
http://riaumandirionline/berita/saudagarminangharusperkuat-networking.com
http://riauinfo/umum/ratusansaudagarminangberkumpul.com
Indomo, H. 1984. Islam dan Adat Minangkabau. Jakarta: PT Pustaka Panjimas.
Irsyam, Oemarjati, dan Somadikarta. (2001). Tahun Emas Universitas Indonesia. Jakarta: UI-Press.
Kaplan, R. M. & Sacuzzo, D. P. (1997). Psychological testing: principles, applications, and issues. (4th ed.). USA: Brooks/Cole Publishing Company.
Kerlinger, Fred N. & Howard B. Lee. (2000). Foundation of Behavioral Research (4th ed). Orlando: Harcourt College Publishers.
Kolvereid L. (1996) Organizational employment versus self-employment: reasons for career choice intentions. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 20(3) 23 – 31.
Kumar, Ranjit. (1996). Reasearch Methodology: A Step-By-Step Guide For Beginners. London: Sage Publications.
Krueger, N. F., Reilly, M. D., & Carsrud, A. L. (2000). Competing models of entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of Business Venturing, 15(5–6), 411–432.
Linan, F. (2008). Skill and value perceptions: how do they affect entrepreneurial intentions?. International Journal of Mangement and Entrepreneurship, 4:257-272.
Linan, F., & Chen, Yi-Wen. (2009). Development and cross-cultural application of a specific instrument to measure entrepreneurial intentions. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice. Vol. 33(3) (in press).
Linan, F., Urbano, D., & Guerrero, M. (2007). Regional Variations in Entrepeneurial Cognitions: Start-Up Intentions of University Students in Spain. In 2007 Entrepreneurship Research Conference (Ed, B. C. I. d. Empressa) Babson College & Instituio de Empressa, Madrid, Spain.
Mead, R. (1990). Cross Cultural Management Communication. England: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
McGrath, R.G., I.C. MacMillan and S. Scheinberg (1992), Elitists, risk-takers, and rugged individualists? An exploratory analysis of cultural differences between entrepreneurs and non-entrepreneurs. Journal of Business Venturing 7, 115-135.
Mitchell, R., L. Busenitz, T. Lant, P. McDougall, E. Morse, & J. Smith. (2002) “Toward a Theory of Entrepreneurial Cognition: Rethinking the People Side of Entrepreneurship Research.” Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 27(2): 93–104.
Ndraha, T. (2005). Teori Budaya Organisasi. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta.
Nunnaly, J.C. & Berstein, I.H. (1994). Psychometric Theory (3rd ed.). New York: Mc Graw-Hill, Inc.
Octaviani, Mirna. (2006). Profil Komitmen Organisasi dan Kaitannya dengan Uncertainty Avoidance Pada Suku Minang dan Jawa. Depok: Skripsi Sarjana Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Indonesia.
Pranadhini, Sri Arini. (2006). Hubungan Antara Dimensi Uncertainty Avoidance Dengan Gaya Pengambilan Keputusan Pada Suku Bangsa Jawa dan Minangkabau (Studi Pada Karyawan Bank X). Depok: Skripsi Sarjana Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Indonesia.
Pratiwi, Widi Eka. (2006). Hubungan Dimensi Nilai Uncertainty Avoidance Dengan Adversity Quotient® Pada Karyawan Bersuku Bali dan Sunda (Studi Pada Karyawan Bank X). Depok: Skripsi Sarjana Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Indonesia.
Ramayah, T., & Harun, Z. (2005). Entrepreneurial Intention among the Students of USM. International Journal of Management and Entrepreneurship, 1 (1): 8-20.
Redpath, & Nielsen. (1997). A comparison of native culture, non-native culture and new management. ideology. Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences, 14(3).
Rokeach, M. (1973). The Nature of Human Values. New York: The Free Press.
Seniati, Liche, Yulianto, Aries, & Setiadi, Benadette N. (2005). Psikologi Eksperimen. Jakarta: PT Indeks Kelompok Gramedia.
Shiraev, Eric., & Levy, D. (2004). Cross-Cultural Psychology : Critical Thinking and Contemporary Applications (2nd ed.). Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
Super, D. E.(1957). The Psychology of Careers. New York: Harper & Row.
The Global Entrepreneurship and Development Institute (2018). 2018 Global Entrepreneurship Index. Washington DC: The Global Entrepreneurship and Development Institute.
Wagner, J. A., & Hollenbeck, J. R. (1995). Management of Organizational Behaviour (2nd ed.). New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
Wennekers, S., Thurik, R., Stel, A., & Noorderhaven, N. (2007). Uncertainty avoidance and the rate of business ownership across 21 OECD countries, 1976–2004. Journal of Evolutionary Economics Volume 17, Number 2 / April, 2007. Germany: Springer Berlin.
Wijanto, S. H. (2008). Structural equation modeling dengan lisrel 8.8: konsep dan tutorial. Yogyakarta: Graha Ilmu.
Zimmerer, T. W., & Scarborough, N. M. (2002). Essentials of Entrepreneurship and Small Businesses Management. NJ: Pearson Education.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
