Identitas Moral sebagai Moderator Pengaruh antara Moral Disengagement dengan Kecurangan
Authors
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Eva Septiana
Universitas Indonesia
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8538-0553
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Ishaq Mahmudil Hakim
Keywords:
Dishonest behavior, moral disengagement, moral identity, college studentAbstract
Kecurangan merupakan fenomena negatif yang terjadi di berbagai konteks. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan apakah kecurangan dapat dipengaruhi oleh moral disengagement dan pengaruh tersebut dapat dimoderasi oleh identitas moral. Sebanyak 213 orang mahasiswa dari 7 universitas di Indonesia mengikuti penelitian ini. Peneliti mengukur kecurangan dengan Tugas Matriks Angka yang pernah digunakan oleh Bloodgood, Turnley, dan Mudrack (2008); Gino, Ayal, dan Ariely (2009). Moral disengagement diukur menggunakan adaptasi dari Moral Disengagement Scale yang dirancang oleh Detert, Treviño, dan Sweitzer (2008). Identitas moral diukur dengan adaptasi dari Moral Identity Questionnaire yang dikembangkan Black dan Reynolds (2016). Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa tidak terdapat pengaruh signifikan moral disengagement terhadap kecurangan (odds ratio = 1,111; n = 213; p > 0,05; two-tailed). Peneliti menduga salah satu penyebab hasil tidak terdapat pengaruh signifikan moral disengagement terhadap kecurangan karena variabel moral disengagement sangat bergantung pada variabel lain. Lebih lanjut, identitas moral tidak memoderasi pengaruh moral disengagement terhadap kecurangan (odds ratio = -1,140; p > 0,05; two-tailed). Hasil ini diduga karena adanya dampak dari peran yang dijalani oleh partisipan. Pada penelitian ini, ada kemungkinan partisipan menganggap dirinya menjalani peran sebagai mahasiswa sehingga mereka tidak melakukan kecurangan. Kesimpulannya tinggi rendahnya tingkat moral disengagement seseorang tidak berdampak pada tingkat kecurangan yang terjadi. Sementara itu, hasil analisis interaksi antara moral disengagement dan identitas moral tidak menunjukkan pengaruh yang signifikan. Dengan kata lain, identitas moral tidak memoderasi pengaruh moral disengagement terhadap kecurangan. Perlu dilakukannya konstruksi alat ukur moral disengagement dan identitas moral pada situasi dan konteks yang diinginkan untuk meningkatkan ketepatan data.
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